Since Thailand changed its administrative system from an absolute monarchy to a constitutional one in 1932, the country has so far held 26 general elections. The upcoming 14 May 2023 general election will be the 27th of its kind in Thai history. 

The first general election in Thailand took place on 15 November 1933. The previous general election was held on 24 March 2019, and General Prayut Chan-o-cha was voted in the National Assembly as the 29th Prime Minister of Thailand.  At that time, the number of eligible voters was 51 million.

In the14 May 2023 general election, there are more than 52 million eligible voters. The Election Commission of Thailand has launched a campaign to encourage Thai voters nationwide to go to the polls to elect members of the House of Representatives. It expects voter turnout in this election to be not less than 80 percent.

 The period of voting is between 08.00 and 17.00 hr. Vote counting will begin after 17.00 hr, and unofficially results are expected to be known by 23.00 hr on the same day. Eligible Thai voters in foreign countries have already exercised their rights in advance voting.

Out of the 500 members of the House of Representatives, 400 come from the election on a constituency basis and 100 from party lists of political parties. In the 24 March 2019 election, the proportion was 350 constituency MPs and 150 party-list MPs.

On the election day, a voter will be given two ballots in different colors; one to elect a political party under the party-list system, and the other to elect a representative from the constituency system. The names on the party list must not be repeated on a party list of candidates of other parties, or the list of constituency candidates. The total number of party-list votes will be used to calculate the number of party-list MPs based on the ratio of votes each party receives.

In this election, there are altogether 67 political parties. The term of the House of Representatives is four years, starting from the election day.