After the 14 May 2023 general election, the Move Forward Party, led by Mr. Pita Limjaroenrat, gained 151 seats, becoming the largest political party in the 500-member House of Representatives. He has announced a plan to form a coalition, comprising 312 MPs from eight parties, with himself as prime minister.

Deputy Prime Minister Wissanu Krea-ngam on 23 May explained the tentative timeline for the formation of the new government and the new Cabinet to take office. He stated that 13 July would be the deadline for the Election Commission of Thailand to certify results of the general election. New MPs have to report themselves to Parliament by 20 July.

The first parliamentary session will be opened on 24 July, and on 25 July, MPs will vote to elect the Speaker of the House of Representatives. His Majesty the King will give royal endorsement for the appointment of the House Speaker on 26 July.

The joint sitting of 500 MPs and 250 senators will take place on 3 August to vote for a person suitable for serving as prime minister. The new Cabinet will be appointed on 10 August, and Cabinet members will be sworn in on 11 August, which will be the last day in office of the caretaker Cabinet.

On 22 May, the leaders of eight parties – Move Forward Party, Pheu Thai Party, Prachachart Party, Thai Sang Thai Party, Thai Liberal Party (Seri Ruam Thai Party), Pheu Thai Ruam Palang Party, Fair Party, and Plung Sungkom Mai Party – signed a memorandum of understanding (MOU) to form the new coalition government.

Leader of the Move Forward Party Pita Limjaroenrat said that all the parties agreed that every mission that the government will do must not affect the country’s status as a unitary state, as a democracy under a constitutional monarchy framework, and the inviolable status of the monarch. 

The MOU comprises 23 points to be worked on together by the eight coalition partners. Among them are to restore democracy, including expediting the process of drafting a new constitution by a Constitution Drafting Assembly elected directly by the people; affirm and pass the Marriage Equality Act to ensure equal rights for all couples, regardless of gender, without infringing upon the religious principles each individual adheres to; transition from conscription to voluntary enlistment, except when the country is at war; abolish monopolies and promote fair competition in all industries, such as alcoholic beverages; establish a new budgeting system, emphasizing the use of zero-based budgeting; and reclassify marijuana as a controlled substance by issuing a Ministry of Health notification, with new laws regulating and supporting its beneficial uses.